CN1257247C - Composite type sleet melting and snow removing liquid - Google Patents
Composite type sleet melting and snow removing liquid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1257247C CN1257247C CN 200410021286 CN200410021286A CN1257247C CN 1257247 C CN1257247 C CN 1257247C CN 200410021286 CN200410021286 CN 200410021286 CN 200410021286 A CN200410021286 A CN 200410021286A CN 1257247 C CN1257247 C CN 1257247C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- snow removing
- removing liquid
- ice
- melting
- snow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to composite ice melting and snow removing liquid which belongs to the technical field of organic and inorganic composite salt in chemistry. The present invention can effectively solve the problem that the existing domestic snow melting agents erode metal and cement concrete and harm the growth of plants. The composite ice melting and snow removing liquid has the characteristics of simple, convenient and practical technical scheme, high ice melting and snow removing speed, good environmental protection performance, etc. The composite ice melting and snow removing liquid is prepared from the following chemical raw materials: 100 to 200 of water, 100 to 300 of calcium chloride, 10 to 30 of carbamide, 0 to 30 of sodium molybdate, 0 to 30 of sodium metasilicate and 0 to 30 of sodium phosphate. The present invention is liquid with the concentration of 20% to 80% and is suitable for northern cities at the temperature of over-33 DEG C. The composite ice melting and snow removing liquid is mainly used for melting ice and removing snow on various roads, bridges, squares, parks and center green areas, particularly on various rails of rail traffic, etc., and is suitable for large-scale mechanization scattering operation.
Description
Compound ice-melt snow removing liquid, ice-melt snow removing effect is remarkable, widely applicable, and possesses the characteristics of novelty, creativeness and the real property done, and the while compliance with environmental protection requirements now is described as follows particular content:
One, affiliated technical field
Belong to the surface chemistry category, be organic and inorganic compounding salt technical field.
Two, background technology
1, to inventing the understanding of " compound ice-melt snow removing liquid "
No matter compound ice-melt snow removing liquid and present employed Snow Agent are solid-state or liquid state, all are in order to reduce the freezing point effect of water.Its snow melting mechanism belongs to the surface chemistry category, is organic and inorganic compounding salt technical field.A large amount of heat releases when it utilizes compound ice-melt snow removing liquid to contact with ice and snow make the structural lattice dislocation in the ice and snow, cause ice dissolution; Absorb heat during ice dissolution, the temperature around making descends, and at this moment the vapour pressure of solution in order to reach new balance, impels ice and snow constantly to melt and formation solution less than the vapour pressure of ice and snow, thereby reduces the zero pour of water.Under cold condition, the above-mentioned compound movement equilibrium process that goes round and begins again is exactly compound ice-melt snow removing liquid and the total essential features of prior art.
The compound ice-melt snow removing of the present invention liquid is in the process of development, not only pay attention to the effect of ice-melt snow removing, but also taken into account social benefit and environmental benefit, and emphasis solves the Snow Agent of using at present, to the etching problem of metal and cement concrete, and the unfavorable factor that influences plant-growth.
Good environmental protection of the present invention can effectively reduce the corrosion to metal and cement concrete.
(1), can effectively reduce corrosion of metal
According to the different characteristics of metallic corrosion process, can be divided into two kinds of chemical corrosion and galvanic corrosion.Chemical corrosion
The simple corrosion that is caused by chemical action is called chemical corrosion.It mainly is because metal is at high temperature oxidized easily, generates one deck oxide skin (by FeO, Fe
2O
3And Fe
3O
4Form), also the decarburization phenomenon can take place simultaneously, this is because the cementite Fe in the iron and steel
3The result that C and gaseous media effect are produced.Reaction formula is:
The gaseous product that reaction generates leaves the metallic surface, and carbon is just from what close on, and still unreacted metal inside is diffused into this reaction zone gradually, so the carbon in the metal level reduces gradually, form Decarburized layer, steel surface is because decarburization causes hardness to reduce to reduce with safe range of stress.
Galvanic corrosion
The corrosion that is caused by electrochemical action is galvanic corrosion.It mainly causes owing to having formed galvanic cell.Because industrial iron and steel, also contain graphite, cementite etc. beyond the deironing, these impurity can conduct electricitys, and the electropotential algebraic value than iron greatly, be difficult to lose electronics, and iron phase is to just losing electronics easily.In addition, owing to dissolved airborne CO in the moisture film of iron absorption
2And SO
2Gas reaction is as follows:
Like this, Fe is just containing H
+, OH
-, HCO
3 -, HSO
3 -Solution in formed galvanic cell, anodic Fe has lost 2e and has become Fe
2+, react and be
, the 2H of cathode
+Obtain 2e and become H
2, both: react and be
, Fe
2+Enter in the solution and OH
-Generate Fe (OH)
2, Fe (OH)
2Become Fe (OH) by dioxygen oxidation
3, Fe (OH)
3Fe after the dehydration
2O
3It is the main component of sorrel iron rust.Reaction formula is as follows:
，
, in the ordinary course of things, if the very weak or neutral solution of moisture film acidity of iron surface absorption then also is that iron is oxidized to Fe on anode
2+Ion mainly is that the oxygen that is dissolved in the moisture film gets electronics at anode:
Anode:
Negative electrode:
Total reaction formula is:
Then, Fe (OH)
2Be oxidized to Fe (OH)
3, and partial dehydration is iron rust, oxygen uptake that Here it is corrosion also is the main corrosion of metal.Analysis at above-mentioned corrosion principle, compound ice-melt snow removing liquid has specially adopted two kinds, three kinds or four kinds, five kinds in the calcium chloride, urea, Sodium orthomolybdate, Starso, sodium phosphate of present domestic favorable anti-corrosion effect, by its technical formula optimum combination, make metal surface passivation, generate the Fe of one deck densification
3O
4Oxide film is protected metallic surface, has reduced corrosion of metal effectively.
(2), can reduce corrosion effectively to cement concrete
The corrosion of cement mainly is the corrosion of the water and the aqueous solution.The corrosion of water is corroded dissolving, and this is that porosity and rate of permeation by cement material itself determined that the corrosion of cement mainly is that the aqueous solution is to its chemical corrosion of carrying out.Chemical reaction has taken place to some composition in the cement in some compound in the physical environment, the corrosion of Here it is cement concrete.This corrosion mainly contains two class factors: a kind of corrosion that is acid soft water to cement, and as the CO in the water
2With the Ca (OH) in the cement
2And CaCO
3Reaction generates Ca (HCO
3)
2, reaction equation is as follows:
Here point out: if the CaCO that reaction generates
3Content increase and the CO in the water
2Content is lower, and so such corrosion almost is difficult to carry out.In addition, chemical reaction has taken place in the hydrated product in soluble sulphate and the cement, causes volume of concrete to expand or disintegration.For example: to Na
2SO
4Hydrated product reaction in the cement is as follows:
Prove by experiment: alkali metal sulfates can not corrode calcium silicate hydrate.But the corrodible calcium hydroxide Ca of sulfate of ammoniac (OH)
2, reaction formula is:
, corrosion product " NH
4OH " Yi Rong, difficult volatilization makes reaction be easy to continue to carry out to the right.Below in the expression water sulfate concentration to the Portland cement corrupting influence:
| SO 4 2-mg/L | Extent of corrosion |
| ＜300 | Humble |
| 300-600 | Low |
| 600-1500 | Medium |
| 1500-5000 | Seriously |
| ＞5000 | Very serious |
By the table in as can be seen: have only SO in the water
4 2-The concentration of (sulfate ion) is during less than 300mg/L, and corrodibility is just lower.Be noted that the sulphate corrosion product is little because of solubleness, but the destruction of the stress exacerbate water cement concrete that precipitated product caused that they generate.Do not mention Cl in the last table
-The ion pair steel bars in concrete transfers active state to by passive state, forms corrosion product and produces expansion, makes the cement concrete cracking, peels off, thereby lost mechanical property and hurtful introduction.Learn but analyze by experiment: Cl
-Ion will make reinforcing bar transfer active state to by passive state, be to reach certain threshold value.Academia is thought; Cl
-/ OH 〉=0.61 promptly is equivalent to: 0.3-0.6KgCl
-/ m
3Size.When this type of problem of solution, the one, control Cl in the Snow Agent
-The ionic percentage composition; The 2nd, reduce the content of vitriol as far as possible, have only to reach this two requirements simultaneously, the etching problem of cement concrete and reinforcing bar could effectively solve.
(3), can promote the growth of plant, preserve the ecological environment
Because the use of pure halide Snow Agent, cause that the content of salt increases in the soil, the moisture content of plant absorbing and nutrient are reduced, and cause the greenery patches harden and trees, vegetation etc. are in the morbid state growth, finally cause trees death.Experimental results show that: when the ratio of the saltiness of soil and the weight of soil less than 0.15% the time, the trees normal growth; Ratio is when 0.15%-0.25%, for slightly being injured; When 0.25.%-0.4%, for severe is injured; When 0.4%-0.6%, for the degree of depth is injured; And in case above 0.6% o'clock, plant is with death.
In sum, adopted in the compound ice-melt of the present invention snow removing liquid with water, calcium chloride, urea, Sodium orthomolybdate, Starso, sodium phosphate, can protect greenery patches and arboreal growth effectively, the protection of ecotope has been had active effect as main raw material.
Three, summary of the invention
1, the purpose of invention " compound ice-melt snow removing liquid "
(1) in time dredges road, ensure various normal vehicle operation.
(2) reduce the snow way of escape and slide the generation of pedestrian's tumble injury and various traffic accidents.
(3) reduce a large amount of fortune snow that removes and work, time saving and energy saving.
(4) safeguard that city appearance environment is clean and tidy, establish the city favorable image.
(5) build warm happy and auspicious, comfortable live and work environment for citizen.
2, the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems
The compound ice-melt snow removing of the present invention liquid, it is by water: H
2O, calcium chloride: CaCL
2, urea: NH
2-CO-NH
2, Sodium orthomolybdate: Na
2M
0O
4, Starso: Na
2SiO
3, sodium phosphate: Na
3PO
4In three kinds, four kinds or five kinds, six kinds compositions, its proportioning is component by weight: water: 100～200, calcium chloride: 100～300, urea: 10～30, Sodium orthomolybdate: 0～30, Starso: 0～30, sodium phosphate: 0～30, make the ice-melt snow removing liquid of 20～80% concentration, the technical formula of its compound ice-melt snow removing liquid is as follows:
(1)、H
2O+CaCL
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2M
0O
4+Na
2SiO
3+Na
3PO
4
(2)、H
2O+CaCL
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2M
0O
4+Na
3PO
4
(3)、H
2O+CaCL
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2SiO
3+Na
3PO
4
(4)、H
2O+CaCL
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2M
0O
4+Na
2SiO
3
(5)、H
2O+CaCL
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2M
0O
4
(6)、H
2O+CaCL
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2SiO
3
(7)、H
2O+CaCL
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
3PO
4
(8)、H
2O+CaCL
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2
The compound ice-melt snow removing of the present invention liquid is liquid; being adapted at (33 ℃) above state of temperature uses down; be mainly used in the ice-melt snow removing of road, bridge, square, airport, garden; the particularly ice-melt in all kinds of rails of track traffic, rail, viaduct, People's Bank of China's overpass, park and greenery patches at the intersections snow removing is fit to extensive mechanize spraying operation.
3., the beneficial effect compared with background technology of compound ice-melt snow removing liquid
Compound ice-melt snow removing liquid according to different areas, different geographical environments, different use objects and different temperature, adopts different formula combination, and its coverage rate is comparatively extensive, is suitable for using under the state of temperature more than (33 ℃).。
(i) compound ice-melt snow removing liquid ice-melt snow removing speed is fast, effective; With low cost, widely applicable, the raw material supply abundance is easy to buying, production technique, technical scheme, simple and easy to do.
(2) good environmental protection can effectively reduce metal and concrete corrosion, and the composition of improving the soil, but stable soil structure promote plant-growth.
(3) this product is more suitable on a large scale, operation is sprayed in mechanize, and spreading is even, can give full play to its ice-melt usefulness at the aspects such as track of viaduct and track traffic.
Four, embodiment
According to the determined various industrial chemicals of technical formula of compound ice-melt snow removing liquid,, form the best complex prescription by attribute separately, be placed in the water, fully stir, dissolve, make the solution of 20-80% concentration, behind sedimentation and filtration, both made compound ice-melt snow removing liquid.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of compound ice-melt snow removing liquid, it is characterized in that: it is by water: H
2O, calcium chloride: CaCl
2, urea: NH
2-CO-NH
2, Sodium orthomolybdate: Na
2M
0O
4, Starso: Na
2SiO
3, sodium phosphate: Na
3PO
4In three kinds, four kinds or five kinds, six kinds compositions, its proportioning is component by weight: water: 100～200, calcium chloride: 100～300, urea: 10～30, Sodium orthomolybdate: 0～30, Starso: 0～30, sodium phosphate: 0～30, make the ice-melt snow removing liquid of 20～80% concentration, the technical formula of its compound ice-melt snow removing liquid is as follows:
(1)、H
2O+CaCl
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2M
0O
4+Na
2SiO
3+Na
3PO
4
(2)、H
2O+CaCl
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2M
0O
4+Na
3PO
4
(3)、H
2O+CaCl
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2SiO
3+Na
3PO
4
(4)、H
2O+CaCl
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2M
0O
4+Na
2SiO
3
(5)、H
2O+CaCl
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2M
0O
4
(6)、H
2O+CaCl
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
2SiO
3
(7)、H
2O+CaCl
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2+Na
3PO
4
(8)、H
2O+CaCl
2+NH
2-CO-NH
2
Above-mentioned compound ice-melt snow removing liquid, the state of temperature that is adapted at more than-33 ℃ uses down.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410021286 CN1257247C (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2004-04-13 | Composite type sleet melting and snow removing liquid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410021286 CN1257247C (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2004-04-13 | Composite type sleet melting and snow removing liquid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1563249A CN1563249A (en) | 2005-01-12 |
| CN1257247C true CN1257247C (en) | 2006-05-24 |
Family
ID=34479794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410021286 Expired - Fee Related CN1257247C (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2004-04-13 | Composite type sleet melting and snow removing liquid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1257247C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8519972B2 (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2013-08-27 | Apple Inc. | Web-clip widgets on a portable multifunction device |
| US8564544B2 (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2013-10-22 | Apple Inc. | Touch screen device, method, and graphical user interface for customizing display of content category icons |
| US8788954B2 (en) | 2007-01-07 | 2014-07-22 | Apple Inc. | Web-clip widgets on a portable multifunction device |
| US9367232B2 (en) | 2007-01-07 | 2016-06-14 | Apple Inc. | Portable multifunction device, method, and graphical user interface supporting user navigations of graphical objects on a touch screen display |
-
2004
- 2004-04-13 CN CN 200410021286 patent/CN1257247C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8519972B2 (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2013-08-27 | Apple Inc. | Web-clip widgets on a portable multifunction device |
| US8558808B2 (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2013-10-15 | Apple Inc. | Web-clip widgets on a portable multifunction device |
| US8564544B2 (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2013-10-22 | Apple Inc. | Touch screen device, method, and graphical user interface for customizing display of content category icons |
| US8788954B2 (en) | 2007-01-07 | 2014-07-22 | Apple Inc. | Web-clip widgets on a portable multifunction device |
| US9367232B2 (en) | 2007-01-07 | 2016-06-14 | Apple Inc. | Portable multifunction device, method, and graphical user interface supporting user navigations of graphical objects on a touch screen display |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1563249A (en) | 2005-01-12 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20060524 |