EP1075690A1 - Structure pour positionneur a bande magnetique comprenant des informations relatives a son positionnement longitudinal - Google Patents

Structure pour positionneur a bande magnetique comprenant des informations relatives a son positionnement longitudinal

Info

Publication number
EP1075690A1
EP1075690A1 EP98913305A EP98913305A EP1075690A1 EP 1075690 A1 EP1075690 A1 EP 1075690A1 EP 98913305 A EP98913305 A EP 98913305A EP 98913305 A EP98913305 A EP 98913305A EP 1075690 A1 EP1075690 A1 EP 1075690A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
tape
servo
length
written
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98913305A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1075690A4 (fr
Inventor
Ronald Dean Gillingham
Steven Gregory Trabert
John Paul Mantey
Keith Gary Boyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GlassBridge Enterprises Inc
Original Assignee
Storage Technology Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Storage Technology Corp filed Critical Storage Technology Corp
Priority claimed from PCT/US1998/006261 external-priority patent/WO1999050836A1/fr
Publication of EP1075690A1 publication Critical patent/EP1075690A1/fr
Publication of EP1075690A4 publication Critical patent/EP1075690A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/48Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed
    • G11B5/58Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B5/596Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following on disks
    • G11B5/59633Servo formatting
    • G11B5/59638Servo formatting apparatuses, e.g. servo-writers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10009Improvement or modification of read or write signals
    • G11B20/10268Improvement or modification of read or write signals bit detection or demodulation methods
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/18Error detection or correction; Testing, e.g. of drop-outs
    • G11B20/1833Error detection or correction; Testing, e.g. of drop-outs by adding special lists or symbols to the coded information
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/008Recording on, or reproducing or erasing from, magnetic tapes, sheets, e.g. cards, or wires
    • G11B5/00813Recording on, or reproducing or erasing from, magnetic tapes, sheets, e.g. cards, or wires magnetic tapes
    • G11B5/00817Recording on, or reproducing or erasing from, magnetic tapes, sheets, e.g. cards, or wires magnetic tapes on longitudinal tracks only, e.g. for serpentine format recording
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/48Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed
    • G11B5/58Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B5/596Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following on disks
    • G11B5/59605Circuits
    • G11B5/59616Synchronisation; Clocking
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/12Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
    • G11B20/1217Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs
    • G11B2020/1218Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs wherein the formatting concerns a specific area of the disc
    • G11B2020/1225Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs wherein the formatting concerns a specific area of the disc frame, i.e. a subunit of a sector containing user data, e.g. a sync frame
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/14Digital recording or reproducing using self-clocking codes
    • G11B20/1403Digital recording or reproducing using self-clocking codes characterised by the use of two levels
    • G11B2020/1476Synchronisation patterns; Coping with defects thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B2220/00Record carriers by type
    • G11B2220/90Tape-like record carriers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of dynamic magnetic information storage or retrieval. More particularly, the invention relates to the field of automatic control of a recorder mechanism. In still greater particularity, the invention relates to longitudinal position determination using a servo pattern. By way of further characterization, but not by way of limitation thereto, the invention is a magnetic tape servo pattern including longitudinal position information.
  • Magnetic tape recording has been utilized for many years to record voice and data information.
  • magnetic tape has proven especially reliable, cost efficient and easy to use.
  • In an effort to make magnetic tape even more useful and cost effective there have been attempts to store more information per given width and length of tape. This has generally been accomplished by including more data tracks on a given width of tape which, in turn, means more data is stored on a given length of tape.
  • multiple volumes of data are written onto a single reel or tape cartridge. This increase in data storage density requires more accurate -2-
  • tape - tape head longitudinal position determination that is, as more data is written onto a single track, precise longitudinal positioning of the tape with respect to the tape head becomes more critical.
  • longitudinal is meant the direction along the length of the magnetic tape.
  • servo stripes In order to increase data track accuracy, servo stripes have been employed to provide a reference point to maintain correct lateral positioning of the tape with respect to the tape read/write head. By lateral is meant the direction across the width of the tape.
  • One or more servo stripes may be used depending upon the number of data tracks which are placed upon the tape.
  • the sensed signal from the servo stripe is fed to a control system which moves the head and keeps the servo signal at nominal magnitude.
  • the nominal signal occurs when the servo read gap is located in a certain position relative to the servo stripe.
  • a one-half inch wide magnetic tape 11 may contain up to 288 or more data tracks on multiple data bands 12. With such a large number of data tracks it may be desirable to include up to five or more servo stripes 13 to improve data read and write function performance.
  • Servo stripes 13 may utilize various patterns or frequency regions to allow precise tape to tape head positioning.
  • a portion of a conventional servo stripe 13 is shown having two frames
  • a first frequency signal 16 is written across the width of servo stripe 13.
  • first frequency signal 16 is written over first frequency signal 16 in a predetermined pattern such as five rectangles 17 in each of frames 14 and 15.
  • the five rectangles 17 in each frame result in nine horizontal interfaces 18 between frequency signal 16 and erase patterns 17.
  • the tenth edge 19 along the bottom is not utilized for these purposes. While five rectangles are shown in Fig. 2, it should be understood that more or fewer erase patterns may be used depending upon engineering design considerations.
  • a dashed line 21 passes along one of edges 18 and through a read gap 22 in a tape read head 23. If servo pattern 13 is passed right to left over gap 22, then gap 22 will alternate between reading frequency 16 across the full width 24 of gap 22 in areas 25 and frequency 16 across one half of read gap 22 and an erase frequency from patterns 17 across the other half of width 24 in areas 26.
  • the servo control system in the tape drive uses the ratio of full signal amplitude in field 25 to half signal amplitude in field 26 to stay on track. While allowing for tape head positioning with respect to the tape width, these prior art servo patterns do not address the longitudinal positioning of the tape. That is, it is critical for the servo to know where along the length of the tape the data volume is stored. This information is becoming more significant in modern systems where multiple volumes of data are written onto a single reel or tape cartridge .
  • the tape with respect to the tape head can be estimated within some number of meters.
  • the data streams are compressed onto increasingly shorter lengths of tape and position estimates to within meters are not sufficient. It would be desirable to be able to more accurately determine a location along the length of the tape where the desired data volume is stored.
  • the invention is a novel servo stripe pattern including information for determining the longitudinal position of the tape with respect to the tape head.
  • a data field is included in each frame of the servo pattern. Each data field includes a digital signal (high or low) . Successive data fields are arranged in predetermined sequences to define position count fields and a synchronization field.
  • the data field in each frame of the servo pattern is sensed by the tape read head as the frames pass over the tape head.
  • a sensed sequence of data fields is recognized as a position count field.
  • the tape controller can thus obtain longitudinal position information from the frames to accurately determine the location of a sequence of frames on the tape with respect to a reference point such as the tape head.
  • Fig. 1 is an illustration of multiple servo stripes and data bands on magnetic tape
  • Fig. 2 is an illustration of a servo pattern including multiple erase bands
  • Fig. 3 is an illustration of a servo pattern including a synchronization frequency area
  • Fig. 4 is an illustration of a servo pattern including a data field in the synchronization area
  • Fig. 5 is an illustration of a servo stripe with multiple grouped frames
  • Fig. 6 is an illustration of a grouping of data bits from the grouped frames of Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates multiple servo stripes 13 written onto a given tape portion 11 to allow precise positioning of data bands 12 with respect to a tape head (not shown) .
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a servo pattern written as servo stripe 13 onto tape 11.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the invention described and claimed in a United States Patent Application entitled TAPE SERVO PATTERN WITH ENHANCED SYNCHRONIZATION PROPERTIES, United States patent application Serial No. 804,445, filed February 21, 1997, and assigned to a common assignee.
  • a first synchronization frequency signal is written on a first area 27 across - 6-
  • a second frequency signal different from first frequency signal is written on a second area 28 across the width of servo stripe 13.
  • First area 27 and second area 28 together comprise one frame 14.
  • First synchronization frequency area 27 and second different frequency area 28 are then alternately written onto servo stripe 13 in successive frames 15, etc. along a length of tape 11.
  • a third erase frequency signal is written in a predetermined precise pattern in each frame over second area 28.
  • the third frequency is written as an erase signal in the form of parallelograms 17 which may take the form of a square or rectangle . While five parallelograms are shown in Fig. 3, it should be understood that more or fewer may be used depending upon the application as will be apparent to one skilled in the art.
  • the lateral position of the tape head relative to the tape is controlled by servo readers which monitor the output signal when the reader is positioned at the edge of erase bands 17.
  • fields 25 and 26 in frames 14 and 15 may be identical to those in Fig. 2.
  • the signal frequency in area 27 is approximately double that of second frequency area 28.
  • the frequency in field 29 of the signal sensed by the read gap 22 is approximately double the sensed frequency in adjacent field 25 such that the beginning of a frame 14, 15 is determined when this increased frequency is sensed.
  • Fig. 4 Data fields 31 and 32 have been added to fields 29.
  • Field 31 represents a high (1) signal and field 32 represents a low (0) signal.
  • servo stripe 13 is shown as a plurality of bits 33.
  • Bits 33 are grouped into a sequence of 22 bits in a position count fields 34, 36 and 26 bits in a synchronization field 35.
  • Each bit 33 represents either a "1" or a "0" from a field 31 or 32 in a frame 14 or 15.
  • the effect is that each position count field 34, 36 and each synchronization field 35 will represent a series of "0"s and "l”s as shown in Fig. 6.
  • each position count field can be determined by the tape controller.
  • the longitudinal position of the length of tape with respect to the tape head can be determined.
  • Synchronization field 35 is used to separate the position count fields 34, 36 and to make identification of the position count fields possible.
  • a synchronization field 35 is alternated with each position count field 34, 36 etc. along the entire length of the tape.
  • Position count fields 34, 36 consist of 22 bits with a unique combination of "0"s and "l”s for each position count field. Each position count field 34, 36 may be decoded by the tape controller to identify the longitudinal position of the tape with respect to the tape head at that particular position count field. In the preferred embodiment the longitudinal position is encoded using binary encoding into the position count field. Position count field 34 consists of 21 “0”s followed by a “1”. This encodes the longitudinal position 1. Position count field 36 consists of 20 “0"s followed by a 1 followed by a "0”. This encodes longitudinal position 2. Similarly, subsequent position count fields along the tape contain the encoded longitudinal position of each position count field. The longitudinal position of each position count field increments by one for each position count field along the tape length.
  • the servo read head could be positioned adjacent to any position along the tape length.
  • the servo read head could, for example, begin reading in the middle of a position count field or a synchronization field. Therefore, a synchronization field 35 identifies the beginning and end of the position count fields 34, 36.
  • the controller detects the sequence of 26 bits representing the synchronization field, it determines that the next 22 bits are a position count field.
  • the synchronization field 35, and all other synchronization fields along the tape consist of a "0" bit followed by 24 "1" bits followed by a "0" bit.
  • each position count field (e.g. 34, 36) represents a number which increments along the length of the tape from beginning to end. The number can be used to find the longitudinal position of the tape at any time during normal tape read/write speed. This encoding scheme allows the tape controller to identify the tape position accurately, even before any user data is stored on the tape.
  • Position count fields 34, 36, etc. comprise 22 bits. This allows 2 to the 22nd power or 4,194,304 total counts. In the preferred embodiment, 48 servo frames are needed to obtain one position count (22 frames in position count field 34 or 36 and 26 frames in the adjacent synchronization field 35) . If a servo frame is 200um long, a tape length of 40.3 kilometers is thus supported (a typical reel uses only a few hundred meters of tape) and the accuracy of determining the longitudinal position is 48 frames times the frame size (200um in the preferred embodiment) or 9.6 millimeters. Prior art methods using tachometers and reel radii prediction methods have accuracy levels of more than one meter. Thus, the present invention allows longitudinal positioning which is more than 100 times as accurate as the prior art. -10-
  • the number of bits used to constitute a position count field or a synchronization field may be varied without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • 20, 28, 30 or more (or fewer) frames could be used to constitute a position count field or synchronization field.
  • the use of fewer bits in a count field allows for less total counts and would support a shorter tape length with greater accuracy.
  • Resolution could be increased by counting the number of frames after the position count field is detected.
  • the size of the servo frame is a matter of design choice well known to one skilled in the art and forms no portion of the invention.
  • the longitudinal position can be encoded into a position count field by means other than simple binary encoding.
  • the longitudinal position may be encoded by binary encoding with an error correction code appended thereto in order to comprise an encoded position count field.
  • This scheme would allow the recovery of the longitudinal position in the presence of errors in detecting the data bits that comprise the position count field.
  • the alternate embodiment appends a 6 bit Hamming code (ECC) to the 22 bits of binary encoded data to form the position count field. This allows for single bit error correction and double bit error detection within the position count field. Lengthening of the position count field will require that longer synchronization fields be used.
  • the single bit correcting double bit detecting Hamming code is sufficient for this - 11-
  • the representation of the synchronization field 35 may be optimized to allow proper detection of a synchronization field in the presence of errors in detecting the data bits that comprise the surrounding position count fields and the synchronization field itself.
  • the problem of identifying an optimal representation of synchronization field 35, hereafter referred to as the synchronization character, may be solved by calculation.
  • the portion of the synchronization character compared with bits from the position count field are in agreement.
  • the class of anti-symmetric synchronization characters is desirable because members of this class can be selected that eliminate the possibility of mis-aligned bit sets that span the position count field overlapping the chosen synchronization character at all positions not overlapping the position count field.
  • An alternate embodiment utilizes the class of anti-symmetric synchronization characters of length 32 bits to use for a synchronization field with the above mentioned position count field of 22 binary encoded data bits and 6 bit Hamming code. Under these restrictions the selected synchronization character was 0032b3ff (hexadecimal) . To mis-identify this synchronization character from the bit-stream requires a minimum of 4 bits in error.
  • the need for starting the frame counter at a count of one can be removed.
  • controller can identify the count for a certain tape position (beginning, middle or end of tape) . It can then decide what the count should be at all positions of the tape (assuming the tape length is known) . If necessary, the controller could also recognize and correct for the counter roll - over if the number of frames exceeds the maximum count available from the 22 bit position count field.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une piste (13) d'un positionneur permettant de déterminer la positon longitudinale de la bande (11) par rapport à la tête de bande. Une zone de données (29) sur chaque rangée de la structure d'un positionneur comprend un un (31) numérique ou un zéro (32). Une série adjacente de zones de données est disposée selon une séquence prédéterminée définissant des zones de synchronisation (35) et de comptage de position (34). La zone de comptage de position (34) permet au contrôleur de bande de déterminer avec précision où se trouve la tête de bande, sur la longueur de la bande (11).
EP98913305A 1998-03-30 1998-03-30 Structure pour positionneur a bande magnetique comprenant des informations relatives a son positionnement longitudinal Withdrawn EP1075690A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1998/006261 WO1999050836A1 (fr) 1997-02-21 1998-03-30 Structure pour positionneur a bande magnetique comprenant des informations relatives a son positionnement longitudinal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1075690A1 true EP1075690A1 (fr) 2001-02-14
EP1075690A4 EP1075690A4 (fr) 2002-06-12

Family

ID=22266718

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98913305A Withdrawn EP1075690A4 (fr) 1998-03-30 1998-03-30 Structure pour positionneur a bande magnetique comprenant des informations relatives a son positionnement longitudinal

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1075690A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP4022373B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20010041673A (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7421640B2 (en) * 2005-08-17 2008-09-02 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for providing error correction capability to longitudinal position data

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5121270A (en) * 1989-09-19 1992-06-09 Alcudia Ezra R Multitransducer head positioning servo for use in a bi-directional magnetic tape system
US5396376A (en) * 1992-03-23 1995-03-07 Conner Peripherals, Inc. Multi-track embedded servo recording format and method
US5675448A (en) * 1994-12-08 1997-10-07 Imation Corp. Track pitch error compensation system for data cartridge tape drives

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5121270A (en) * 1989-09-19 1992-06-09 Alcudia Ezra R Multitransducer head positioning servo for use in a bi-directional magnetic tape system
US5396376A (en) * 1992-03-23 1995-03-07 Conner Peripherals, Inc. Multi-track embedded servo recording format and method
US5675448A (en) * 1994-12-08 1997-10-07 Imation Corp. Track pitch error compensation system for data cartridge tape drives

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO9950836A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4022373B2 (ja) 2007-12-19
JP2002515622A (ja) 2002-05-28
EP1075690A4 (fr) 2002-06-12
KR20010041673A (ko) 2001-05-25

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