US20050169198A1 - Base station midamble selection - Google Patents
Base station midamble selection Download PDFInfo
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- US20050169198A1 US20050169198A1 US11/098,733 US9873305A US2005169198A1 US 20050169198 A1 US20050169198 A1 US 20050169198A1 US 9873305 A US9873305 A US 9873305A US 2005169198 A1 US2005169198 A1 US 2005169198A1
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- channelization
- midamble
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- codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/7103—Interference-related aspects the interference being multiple access interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/7103—Interference-related aspects the interference being multiple access interference
- H04B1/7105—Joint detection techniques, e.g. linear detectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
- H04J13/16—Code allocation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/70735—Code identification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/709—Correlator structure
- H04B1/7093—Matched filter type
- H04B2001/70935—Matched filter type using a bank of matched fileters, e.g. Fast Hadamard Transform
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
- H04B2201/70701—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation featuring pilot assisted reception
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
- H04B2201/70707—Efficiency-related aspects
- H04B2201/70709—Efficiency-related aspects with discontinuous detection
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to wireless time division duplex using code division multiple access (TDD/CDMA) communication systems.
- the invention relates to determining channelization codes for use in multiuser detection in the downlink for TDD/CDMA systems.
- FIG. 1 A TDD/CDMA communication system is illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- the system 10 has multiple base stations 12 1 to 12 5 .
- Each base station 12 1 has an associated operating area.
- User equipments (UEs) 14 1 to 14 3 in a base station's operating area communicate with that base station 12 1 .
- Communications transmitted from a base station 12 1 to a UE 14 1 are referred to as downlink communications and communications transmitted from a UE 14 1 to a base station 12 1 are referred to as uplink communications.
- a communication burst 16 carries data in a single time slot using a single channelization code (a single resource unit).
- a typical communication burst 16 has a midamble 20 , a guard period 18 and two data bursts 22 , 24 , as shown in FIG. 2 .
- the midamble 20 separates the two data bursts 22 , 24 .
- the guard period 18 separates the communication bursts 16 to allow for the difference in arrival times of bursts 16 transmitted from different transmitters.
- the two data bursts 22 , 24 contain the communication burst's data.
- the midamble 20 contains a midamble code for use in estimating the channel response between the receiver and transmitter.
- a receiver Since multiple communication bursts may be transmitted in a single time slot, a receiver must be able to distinguish data from the multiple bursts.
- One approach to recover the received data is multiuser detection (MUD).
- a receiver recovers all communication bursts' data in a time slot, including bursts transmitted to other UEs. To recover all the bursts' data, the MUD receiver needs to know all of the channelization codes used to transmit the bursts.
- each UE 14 1 to 14 3 only knows which channelization and midamble codes are used for carrying information intended for it.
- a bank of matched filters is used to detect all possible channelization/midamble combinations. The output power from each matched filter is compared to a threshold to determine whether a particular channelization/midamble combination was used. Due to the number of required matched filters, this approach has a high complexity. Additionally, if there is a high correlation between channelization codes, this approach may have poor performance. Accordingly, it is desirable to have alternate approaches for UEs 14 1 to 14 3 to be able to determine the active channelization codes.
- Midamble codes are selected in a wireless time division duplex communication system. At least one channelization code is assigned to a user equipment. A mapping is provided between midamble codes and channelization codes. At least one midamble code is mapped to a plurality of channelization codes having a same spreading factor. The midamble code mapped to the at least one channelization code to the user equipment is selected. A communication burst is formed with the assigned at least one channelization code and the selected midamble code.
- FIG. 1 is an illustration of a time division duplex/code division multiple access communication system.
- FIG. 2 is an illustration of a communication burst.
- FIG. 3 is an illustration of a simplified base station transmitter and a user equipment receiver.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart of downlink channelization code identification.
- FIG. 5 is an illustration of midamble sequence to channelization code mapping.
- FIG. 6 is a channelization code detection device.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a simplified base station transmitter 26 and a UE receiver 28 using multiuser detection (MUD).
- Data to be communicated to the active UEs 14 1 to 14 3 is produced by data generators 32 1 to 32 K .
- Each generator 32 1 to 32 K produces data to be sent in a particular communication burst.
- Each communication burst's generated data is subsequently formatted into a communication burst by a spreading and modulation device 34 1 to 34 K .
- the spreading and modulation device 34 1 to 34 K adds the midamble and spreads the generated data with a channelization code associated with that communication burst. Additionally, the spread data is time multiplexed into the appropriate time slot. All of the communication bursts are combined by a combiner 52 .
- the combined communication bursts are modulated up to radio frequency, such as by a mixer 36 , and the radio frequency signal is radiated by an antenna 38 through a wireless radio channel 30 . If transmit diversity is utilized by the base station 14 1 , the radio frequency signal will be transmitted by multiple antennas.
- radio frequency signals are received by an antenna 40 .
- the received signals are demodulated to a baseband signal, such as by a mixer 42 .
- a channel estimation device 44 is used to estimate the channel that the communication bursts were transmitted in using the transmitted midamble codes.
- a multiuser detection (MUD) device 46 processes the baseband signal using the estimated channel information and the active channelization codes to produce hard symbols.
- Identifying active channelization codes is shown in the flow chart of FIG. 4 .
- One approach to aid in identifying active channelization codes at the UE 14 1 is to provide a mapping between midamble codes (midamble sequences) 54 1 to 54 N and channelization codes 56 11 to 56 NM , 58 .
- Each midamble sequence 54 1 to 54 N is associated with a set of channelization codes 56 11 to 56 NM , as illustrated in FIG. 5 .
- the sets may contain only a single channelization code, which is a one to one mapping of midambles to channelization codes.
- a burst transmitted by the base station 12 1 with a channelization code of a midamble's set is formatted with that midamble sequence, 60 , 62 . To illustrate, if a burst with channelization code 21 was sent, midamble sequence 2 is used for that burst.
- the transmitted midamble sequences are detected by a midamble sequence detection device 48 , 64 .
- a logic block 45 utilizing the midamble to channelization code mapping 49 , determines the set of possible channelization codes.
- a channelization code detection device 50 determines the received channelization codes based on the determination, 66 . If a one midamble code to one channelization code mapping is used, the logic block 45 determines the channelization codes. As a result, for a one to one mapping, the channelization code detection device 50 is not used.
- the MUD device 46 uses the determined channelization codes and the channel response for the midamble sequences associated with the channelization codes to detect the data from all the bursts, 68 .
- One channelization code detection device 50 is shown in FIG. 6 .
- Matched filters 82 1 to 82 M are matched to the possible channelization codes and associated channel responses as determined by the logic block 45 . Since only the possible channelization codes need to be checked, the number of matched filters 82 1 to 82 M is greatly reduced, reducing the complexity and improving the performance of the receiver 28 .
- the power of the soft symbols produced by each matched filter 82 1 to 82 M is measured by corresponding power measurement devices 84 1 to 84 M .
- the comparator 80 determines the received channelization codes based on the power measurement for each channel. If the number of transmitted channelization codes is known, the comparator 80 selects that number of channels with the highest measured power. Otherwise, the comparator 80 compares each channel's power level to a threshold to determine the transmitted channelization codes.
- channelization code information such as transmitted channelization codes or a number of transmitted channelization codes
- the signaled information can be used in conjunction with channelization/midamble code mapping or when mapping is not used.
- the additional channelization code information will increase the accuracy in determining the active channelization codes at the UE receiver 28 .
- One such signal would be a layer one signal, where the midamble code or midamble code shift is associated with the information.
- the midamble detection device 48 determines the received midamble code(s) and the logic block 45 recovers the channelization code information using the determined midamble codes. Using the recovered information, the channelization code detection device 50 uses the recovered information to aid in the channelization code determination.
- Another approach signals channelization code information using a layer 2/3 signal. The signal is generated by the network circuitry. The layer 2/3 signal can be used in conjunction with layer one signals or with the midamble/channelization code mapping.
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Abstract
Midamble codes are selected in a wireless time division duplex communication system. At least one channelization code is assigned to a user equipment. A mapping is provided between midamble codes and channelization codes. At least one midamble code is mapped to a plurality of channelization codes having a same spreading factor. The midamble code mapped to the at least one channelization code to the user equipment is selected. A communication burst is formed with the assigned at least one channelization code and the selected midamble code.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/090,498, filed Mar. 4, 2002 which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/775,969, filed Feb. 2, 2001, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/180,402, filed Feb. 4, 2000, all of which are incorporated by reference as if fully set forth.
- The present invention relates generally to wireless time division duplex using code division multiple access (TDD/CDMA) communication systems. In particular, the invention relates to determining channelization codes for use in multiuser detection in the downlink for TDD/CDMA systems.
- A TDD/CDMA communication system is illustrated in
FIG. 1 . Thesystem 10 hasmultiple base stations 12 1 to 12 5. Eachbase station 12 1 has an associated operating area. User equipments (UEs) 14 1 to 14 3 in a base station's operating area communicate with thatbase station 12 1. Communications transmitted from abase station 12 1 to a UE 14 1 are referred to as downlink communications and communications transmitted from a UE 14 1 to abase station 12 1 are referred to as uplink communications. - In a wireless TDD/CDMA communication system, multiple communications are sent in a shared frequency spectrum. One such system is proposed in a third generation wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) standard. In CDMA systems, multiple communications are sent in the shared spectrum and are distinguished by channelization codes. In TDD/CDMA systems, the shared spectrum is also time divided using repeating frames having a fixed number of time slots, such as fifteen (15) time slots. Each time slot is used to transmit either only uplink or downlink communications. As a result, the communications are distinguished by both channelization codes and time slots. A single channelization code used in a single time slot is referred to as a resource unit. Based on a communications bandwidth, the communication may require one or multiple resource units. Typical data modulation schemes used in TDD/CDMA systems are quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and N Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), such as N=8, 16 or 64.
- Data is transmitted in such systems using
communication bursts 16. Acommunication burst 16 carries data in a single time slot using a single channelization code (a single resource unit). Atypical communication burst 16 has amidamble 20, aguard period 18 and twodata bursts FIG. 2 . Themidamble 20 separates the twodata bursts guard period 18 separates thecommunication bursts 16 to allow for the difference in arrival times ofbursts 16 transmitted from different transmitters. The twodata bursts midamble 20 contains a midamble code for use in estimating the channel response between the receiver and transmitter. - Since multiple communication bursts may be transmitted in a single time slot, a receiver must be able to distinguish data from the multiple bursts. One approach to recover the received data is multiuser detection (MUD).
- In MUD, a receiver recovers all communication bursts' data in a time slot, including bursts transmitted to other UEs. To recover all the bursts' data, the MUD receiver needs to know all of the channelization codes used to transmit the bursts. In the proposed TDD mode of W-CDMA, each UE 14 1 to 14 3 only knows which channelization and midamble codes are used for carrying information intended for it. To determine all the channelization and midamble codes, a bank of matched filters is used to detect all possible channelization/midamble combinations. The output power from each matched filter is compared to a threshold to determine whether a particular channelization/midamble combination was used. Due to the number of required matched filters, this approach has a high complexity. Additionally, if there is a high correlation between channelization codes, this approach may have poor performance. Accordingly, it is desirable to have alternate approaches for UEs 14 1 to 14 3 to be able to determine the active channelization codes.
- Midamble codes are selected in a wireless time division duplex communication system. At least one channelization code is assigned to a user equipment. A mapping is provided between midamble codes and channelization codes. At least one midamble code is mapped to a plurality of channelization codes having a same spreading factor. The midamble code mapped to the at least one channelization code to the user equipment is selected. A communication burst is formed with the assigned at least one channelization code and the selected midamble code.
-
FIG. 1 is an illustration of a time division duplex/code division multiple access communication system. -
FIG. 2 is an illustration of a communication burst. -
FIG. 3 is an illustration of a simplified base station transmitter and a user equipment receiver. -
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of downlink channelization code identification. -
FIG. 5 is an illustration of midamble sequence to channelization code mapping. -
FIG. 6 is a channelization code detection device. -
FIG. 3 illustrates a simplifiedbase station transmitter 26 and aUE receiver 28 using multiuser detection (MUD). Data to be communicated to the active UEs 14 1 to 14 3 is produced by data generators 32 1 to 32 K. Each generator 32 1 to 32 K produces data to be sent in a particular communication burst. Each communication burst's generated data is subsequently formatted into a communication burst by a spreading and modulation device 34 1 to 34 K. The spreading and modulation device 34 1 to 34 K adds the midamble and spreads the generated data with a channelization code associated with that communication burst. Additionally, the spread data is time multiplexed into the appropriate time slot. All of the communication bursts are combined by acombiner 52. The combined communication bursts are modulated up to radio frequency, such as by amixer 36, and the radio frequency signal is radiated by anantenna 38 through awireless radio channel 30. If transmit diversity is utilized by the base station 14 1, the radio frequency signal will be transmitted by multiple antennas. - At a
UE receiver 28, radio frequency signals are received by anantenna 40. The received signals are demodulated to a baseband signal, such as by amixer 42. Achannel estimation device 44 is used to estimate the channel that the communication bursts were transmitted in using the transmitted midamble codes. A multiuser detection (MUD)device 46 processes the baseband signal using the estimated channel information and the active channelization codes to produce hard symbols. - Identifying active channelization codes is shown in the flow chart of
FIG. 4 . One approach to aid in identifying active channelization codes at the UE 14 1 is to provide a mapping between midamble codes (midamble sequences) 54 1 to 54 N andchannelization codes 56 11 to 56 NM, 58. Each midamble sequence 54 1 to 54 N is associated with a set ofchannelization codes 56 11 to 56 NM, as illustrated inFIG. 5 . The sets may contain only a single channelization code, which is a one to one mapping of midambles to channelization codes. A burst transmitted by thebase station 12 1 with a channelization code of a midamble's set is formatted with that midamble sequence, 60, 62. To illustrate, if a burst withchannelization code 21 was sent,midamble sequence 2 is used for that burst. - At the
UE receiver 28, after channel estimation, the transmitted midamble sequences are detected by a midamblesequence detection device logic block 45, utilizing the midamble tochannelization code mapping 49, determines the set of possible channelization codes. A channelizationcode detection device 50 determines the received channelization codes based on the determination, 66. If a one midamble code to one channelization code mapping is used, thelogic block 45 determines the channelization codes. As a result, for a one to one mapping, the channelizationcode detection device 50 is not used. TheMUD device 46 uses the determined channelization codes and the channel response for the midamble sequences associated with the channelization codes to detect the data from all the bursts, 68. - One channelization
code detection device 50 is shown inFIG. 6 . Matched filters 82 1 to 82 M are matched to the possible channelization codes and associated channel responses as determined by thelogic block 45. Since only the possible channelization codes need to be checked, the number of matchedfilters 82 1 to 82 M is greatly reduced, reducing the complexity and improving the performance of thereceiver 28. The power of the soft symbols produced by each matchedfilter 82 1 to 82 M is measured by correspondingpower measurement devices 84 1 to 84 M. The comparator 80 determines the received channelization codes based on the power measurement for each channel. If the number of transmitted channelization codes is known, the comparator 80 selects that number of channels with the highest measured power. Otherwise, the comparator 80 compares each channel's power level to a threshold to determine the transmitted channelization codes. - To aid in identifying channelization codes, channelization code information, such as transmitted channelization codes or a number of transmitted channelization codes, may be signaled to the UE 14 1. The signaled information can be used in conjunction with channelization/midamble code mapping or when mapping is not used. The additional channelization code information will increase the accuracy in determining the active channelization codes at the
UE receiver 28. One such signal would be a layer one signal, where the midamble code or midamble code shift is associated with the information. Themidamble detection device 48 determines the received midamble code(s) and thelogic block 45 recovers the channelization code information using the determined midamble codes. Using the recovered information, the channelizationcode detection device 50 uses the recovered information to aid in the channelization code determination. Another approach signals channelization code information using alayer 2/3 signal. The signal is generated by the network circuitry. Thelayer 2/3 signal can be used in conjunction with layer one signals or with the midamble/channelization code mapping.
Claims (3)
1. A method for selecting midamble codes in a wireless time division duplex communication system, the method comprising:
assigning at least one channelization code to a user equipment;
providing mapping between midamble codes and channelization codes, where at least one midamble code is mapped to a plurality of channelization codes having a same spreading factor; and
selecting the midamble code mapped to the at least one channelization code to the user equipment; and
forming a communication burst with the assigned at least one channelization code and the selected midamble code.
2. A wireless time division duplex base station, the base station comprising:
means for assigning at least one channelization code to a user equipment;
a mapping between midamble codes and channelization codes, where at least one midamble code is mapped to a plurality of channelization codes having a same spreading factor; and
means for selecting the midamble code mapped to the at least one channelization code to the user equipment; and
means for forming a communication burst with the assigned at least one channelization code and the selected midamble code.
3. A wireless time division duplex base station, the base station comprising:
a spreading and modulation device for forming a communication burst with an assigned channelization code and a selected midamble code, the assigned channelization code being assigned to a user equipment, a mapping between midamble codes and channelization codes is provided where at least one midamble code is mapped to a plurality of channelization codes having a same spreading factor; and the selected midamble code is mapped to the channelization code.
Priority Applications (1)
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US11/098,733 US20050169198A1 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2005-04-04 | Base station midamble selection |
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US18040200P | 2000-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | |
US09/775,969 US6934271B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-02-02 | Support of multiuser detection in the downlink |
US10/090,498 US6885649B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2002-03-04 | Method of multiuser detection with user equipment |
US11/098,733 US20050169198A1 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2005-04-04 | Base station midamble selection |
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US10/090,498 Continuation US6885649B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2002-03-04 | Method of multiuser detection with user equipment |
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US10/090,498 Expired - Lifetime US6885649B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2002-03-04 | Method of multiuser detection with user equipment |
US10/090,372 Expired - Lifetime US6795417B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2002-03-04 | User equipment with multiuser detection |
US11/098,733 Abandoned US20050169198A1 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2005-04-04 | Base station midamble selection |
US11/098,276 Expired - Fee Related US7710928B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2005-04-04 | Channelization code determination by a user equipment |
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US10/090,372 Expired - Lifetime US6795417B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2002-03-04 | User equipment with multiuser detection |
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US20050169216A1 (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2005-08-04 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Channelization code determination by a user equipment |
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US7428278B2 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2008-09-23 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for parallel midamble cancellation |
JPWO2004002000A1 (en) * | 2002-05-22 | 2005-10-27 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Receiving apparatus and receiving method |
JP3581357B2 (en) * | 2002-05-22 | 2004-10-27 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Communication terminal apparatus and spreading code estimation method |
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